Definition Of Management

CHAPTER I
DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT

A. Management Definition
The verb Manage comes from the Italian maneggiare (to handle — especially a horse), which in turn derives from the Latin manus (hand). The French word mesnagement (later ménagement) influenced the development in meaning of the English word management in the 17th and 18th centuries.
According to some expert :
Mary Parker Follett
Mary Parker Follett (1868–1933), who wrote on the topic in the early twentieth century, defined management as "the art of getting things done through people". One can also think of management functionally, as the action of measuring a quantity on a regular basis and of adjusting some initial plan; or as the actions taken to reach one's intended goal. This applies even in situations where planning does not take place. From this perspective, Frenchman Henri Fayol considers management to consist of five functions.[1]
Ø planning
Ø organizing
Ø leading
Ø co-ordinating
Ø controlling

James A.F Stoner
Management is process of planning, organizational, observation and guidance of effort all organizational member and usage of resource, other organizational to be reaching the target of organization which have been specified.[2]

1. Planning is selection / stipulating of the target of organization.
2. Organization is determination of resource ; and activity ; required to reach the target of organization.
3. Organization is determination of resource ; activity and ; organization of goals the reach to required.
4. Observation is applying and invention of[is way of and equipments to guarantee that plan have been executed matching with the one which have been specified.
Management is comprises planning, organizing, resourcing, leading or directing, and controlling process an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Resourcing encompasses the deployment and manipulation of human resources, financial resources, technological resources, and natural resources. Management can also refer to the person or people who perform the act(s) of management.[3]

B. Basic Functions of Management

Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, leading/motivating and controlling.
Planning: deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next five years, etc.) and generating plans for action.

Planning is both the organizational process of creating and maintaining a plan; and the psychological process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired future on some scale. As such, it is a fundamental property of intelligent behaviour. This thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of a plan, or integration of it with other plans, that is, it combines forecasting of developments with the preparation of scenarios of how to react to them.
The term is also used to describe the formal procedures used in such an endeavor, such as the creation of documents, diagrams, or meetings to discuss the important issues to be addressed, the objectives to be met, and the strategy to be followed. Beyond this, planning has a different meaning depending on the political or economic context in which it is used.

Organizing: making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans Or Organizing is the act of rearranging elements following one or more rules. It can also be seen as the opposite of messing up.
One organized opposite could be disordered, since ordered is almost synonymous. The difference between ordered and organized is that something is only ordered as long as it is both organized and standardized.

Leading/Motivating: exhibiting skills in these areas for getting others to play an effective part in achieving plans.
Controlling: monitoring -- checking progress against plans, which may need modification based on feedback.



[1] Wikipedia.com, http://en.wikipedia/wiki/management
[2] James A.F.Stoner, Management, Jilid 1 Ed-kedua, Erlangga; Jakarta, 1986, page., 8-9
[3] Wikipedia.com, Op cit, wiki